Перегляд за Автор "Overchuk, Victoriia Anatoliivna"
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- ДокументDETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY STRESS RESISTANCE(Київ: Видавнича група «Наукові перспективи», 2022) Overchuk, Victoriia Anatoliivna; Kuznietsova, Olena VladyslavivnaThe article is devoted to topical issues of formation of personality stress resistance in conditions of instability, uncertainty, poor predictability of social processes. These issues are of particular relevance in the context of the armed aggression of the terrorist state on the territory of Ukraine, when the mental load on a person increases for a long time, when constant stress puts new demands on the mind and body. The author considers stress not just as a stimulus-response reaction, but also as an interaction between the individual and the environment, including subjective perception and evaluation of stressors, which is a very personalized process. The sequence of coping strategies used by the personality to confront stressful situations is analysed by the author, regardless of situational factors and in connection with constant personality traits and temperament, such as neuroticism, extroversion, sense of humour, perseverance, fatalism, conscientiousness and openness to life experience, etc. The author singled out a number of factors on which personality stability depends: type of temperament, or neuropsychic stability, emotional balance, anxiety, self-esteem, locus of control; style of thinking; personal reference, degree of conflict, motivation to succeed, experience of social communication, and moral normativity of the personality. Particular attention is paid to one of the central categories of the stress model and the psychological condition for the development of personality stress resistance – coping, the effort by which people mobilize resources and forces inside and outside themselves that will make them feel that their problems are within their power. It was emphasized that in the process of psychological adaptation coping strategies play a compensatory function, and psychological defense mechanisms - decompensation, but they give time to the psyche to develop more effective coping methods. It is noted that each person has its own unique combination of adaptation resources. This combination includes six basic characteristics or features that form the core of an individual fighting style: Beliefs and Values - B; Affect and Emotion - A; Social - S; Imagination and Creativity - I; Cognition and Thought - C; Physiological and Activities - Ph. This model is called "BASIC Ph". The combination of all six signs makes up an individual style of dealing with stress. Identifying such concepts as stress resistance and psychological elasticity, it should be noted that the process of its development is purely individual and depends on the absence of negative self-images and devastating self-criticism; the ability of a person to consciously manage his own behaviour in each situation; the ability to cope with grief and overcome various psychological obstacles, the desire to achieve physical health and optimism. The development of stress resistance depends not only on the external situation and on the current state of a person, but also on socially acquired qualities, skills and abilities.
- ДокументFEATURES OF PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT IN THE TEACHERS-CHOREOGRAPHERS(Київ: громадська організація «Всеукраїнська асамблея докторів наук з державного управління», 2022) Overchuk, Victoriia Anatoliivna; Bondarchuk, Olha PetrivnaThe article is devoted to the features of professional burnout of choreographers, whose work is associated with intense physical and emotional stress, which combines the functions of a teacher, a choreographer and a tutor. The authors consider the burning out as a three-component system that includes psycho-emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of professional achievements. The peculiarities of the choreographers’ pedagogical activity were considered which are related to their characteristics that contribute to the formation of the professional burnout phenomenon. The peculiarities of the three main structural components of the choreographer profession are analysed, which affect the level of neuropsychiatric violation, such as pedagogical activity, pedagogical communication, and personal qualities of a teacher-choreographer. The role of the global pandemic Covid-19, the distance learning, and high demands relating to the personality of the teacherchoreographer was separately considered, which could also be a prerequisite for professional burnout. This is because conducting distance lessons often takes more time, effort and energy from the teachers. It can be more stressful, due to lower involvement and return from students than in regular classes. The article is highlighted certain stressful features of pedagogical communication in the activities of a teacher-choreographer. It is also, noted the idea that the state of chronic emotional stress can lead to deformation of the emotional sphere of the teacher, a form of which is professional burnout. A rather high level of mental burnout in teachers was revealed, in the structure of which the leading role is played by the component of professional motivation; high level of neuroticism; high level of the inconsistency of significant values with the possibility of their implementation in professional activities; an average level of skills development and abilities of self-regulation; quite favourable socio-psychological climate and satisfactory nature of the organization of teachers’ professional activities. The main determinants that cause the emergence of occupational burnout have been identified and systematized, which include internal individual psychological and external socio-psychological factors. The authors prove the importance of the syndrome of professional burnout in choreographers, which is because their activities are related to the education, upbringing and development of children, the formation of the comprehensive and harmonious development of youth, and their abilities to achieve the highest values of society: human happiness, goodness, beauty and spiritual rebirth
- ДокументINDIVIDUAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF JURY UKRAINIAN COURTS(Дніпро: ГРОМАДСЬКА НАУКОВА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ «ФУНДАЦІЯ ПУБЛІЧНО - ПРАВОВИХ ІНІЦІАТИВ», 2021) Overchuk, Victoriia AnatoliivnaThe article presents individual psychological features of the jury and it was also justified the need to identify some features that have an impact on the process of making a balanced, reasonable and, most importantly, fair decision. The peculiarity of the formation of the jury’s internal conviction is described and the factors that influence it are named. At the present stage of the country development, there is a search for a place for the judicial system in the context of the general state and legal reform. There is a rather heated discussion about the practical renewal of the judicial system in the state and society. The basis of judicial reform is not only the implementation of an independent judiciary, ensuring its affiliation, but also the involvement of the people’s representatives (jury), before the administration of justice, which is reflected in most developed countries. The jury, unlike professional judges, does not know the field of law. They usually have a lower stress resistance threshold, morally and psychologically inexperienced; they often have a different understanding of what is going on in the courtroom; they also focus not on objective criteria, but on subjective ideas, stereotypes, emotions and personal experiences, which can be confidently attributed to the psychological characteristics of each. The main attention of this article is paid to psychological methods, techniques that should be used to select jurors to make objective verdicts. The obtained results can be the basis for creating a psychological program for the formation of a jurors’ list in their selection, which will take into account the moral, subjective and psychological qualities of each of them.