Перегляд за Автор "Liashch, Oksana"

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  • Ескіз недоступний
    Документ
    Provision of the individual’s psychological security: The possibility of formation and correction
    (International Journal of Health Sciences, https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS1.5885, 2022) Overchuk, Victoriia; Liashch, Oksana; Yatsiuk, Mariia; Ihnatovych, Olena; Maliar, Olena
    The aim of the study the need for security has always been one of the most important human challenges at any age. People have always suffered and had to defend themselves against a variety of threats. Currently, the number of dangers affecting their mental health and emotional well-being is growing rapidly. In today’s world, people are becoming more and more psychologically vulnerable. The speed of general social changes and strong information pressure nowadays exceed personal opportunities for adaptability. Under such conditions, everyday life becomes more dangerous, more risky for physical and mental health. The present academic paper is devoted to studying the mechanisms of formation of the individual’s psychological security, which is of significant practical importance in the conditions of political and social-economic instability of the modern society in the world. The scientific article analyses the process of acquiring psychological security, the starting point of which is the construction of a model of the world in the coordinates of the vital meanings of the individual, structuring it in a certain way according to the security level. The purpose of the academic paper lies in analysing the features of the process of forming and correcting the psychological security of the individual. Methodology. The data from international studies, scientific publications and survey results of residents of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine have been used in the research. Results. With the aid of the questionnaire, the values of the components of the individual’s psychological security have been revealed from the point of view of the inhabitants of the territories where active hostilities have been carried out, which is of particular importance for the formation of personality-oriented mechanisms of psychological work with such categories of people. According to the results of the survey conducted, the priorities of correcting the level of psychological security include forecasting life prospects and developing skills to relieve emotional stress in order to quickly and deeply recover.
  • Ескіз недоступний
    Документ
    Psycho-Pedagogical Prevention of Aggressive Behaviours in Athletes
    (LUMEN Publishing House. Romania, 2020-04-09) Zarishniak, Inna; Liashch, Oksana; Boichenko, Artem; Gomonyuk, Elena; etc
    Life activities of students from higher education institutions are largely influenced by certain adverse factors (social, psychological, environmental ones), which in turn negatively affect their physical and mental health and cause particular behavioural deviations such as aggression. The research aims to theoretically justify, develop and experimentally verify the programme on prevention of aggressive behaviours in athletes due to cultivating their humanistic values and capacity for self-actualization. The research sample of the formative experiment comprised 177 athletes (92 respondents in the experimental group and 85 respondents in the control group). The research assumes that, if well-developed, humanistic values of individual self-actualization (developing one’s positive attitude towards the surrounding people, ability to understand them, accept oneself and others and reality, striving for new knowledge, identifying oneself in this world, setting goals) can be considered as a means of prevention of aggressive behaviours in students; the process of developing athletes’ capacity for self-actualization as a means of psychological prevention of aggressive behaviours is determined by an appropriate organization of activities performed by students, their parents, psychologists, teachers based on personality-oriented and humanistic approaches. The level of self-actualization was based on E. Shostrom’s test and the self-actualization scale by A. Jones and R. Crandall; the level of aggression was identified based on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. The accuracy of changes in the groups was verified using the Mann-Whitney U Test. Results. A quantitative interpretation of the results obtained from the formative experiment proves that the arithmetic mean of self-actualization parameters in respondents in the experimental group has increased significantly (by 22%), whereas they have remained almost unchanged in the control group. Concerning the arithmetic mean of parameters of aggressive behaviours in athletes, they have decreased significantly (by 18%) in the experimental group. This is because athletes' capacity for self-actualization has been developed without direct influence on their aggressive behaviours. Conclusions. In comparison with their peers in the control group, athletes in the experimental group have significantly improved their conflict management skills as a result of developing a more positive attitude towards others, as well as behavioural flexibility, communication skills and capacity for self-development.