Перегляд за Автор "Щебетун, Ірина Степанівна"
Зараз показуємо 1 - 4 з 4
Результатів на сторінці
Налаштування сортування
- ДокументКОНСТИТУЦІЙНА СКАРГА ЯК ЗАСІБ ЗАХИСТУ ПРАВ ЛЮДИНИ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРИКЛАДНИЙ АСПЕКТ(Одеса: Науковий вісник Міжнародного гуманітарного університету, 2022) Щебетун, Ірина Степанівна; Міхайліна, Тетяна ВікторівнаThe article analyzes the institution of constitutional complaint as one of the means of protecting human rights and freedoms. The essential characteristics of this institution, the points of view of domestic and foreign researchers on the nature of the constitutional complaint, its types and key features are considered. The article analyzes the issues of fixing the institution of constitutional complaint in Ukrainian legislation. Trends in the development and possibilities of modernizing the competence of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine at the present stage of development are noted. It is proposed to amend the current legislation of Ukraine in order to activate and improve the efficiency of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, especially in order to increase the level of protection of human rights and freedoms. It is stated that granting individuals and legal entities the right to file a constitutional complaint is a manifestation of constitutionalism and the democratic structure of our state. At the same time, the mechanism of appeal and consideration of a constitutional complaint, the algorithm of its admissibility, and the mechanism of legal regulation of the implementation of decisions of constitutional courts in cases of constitutional complaints require significant improvement. It is concluded that the effectiveness of this constitutional and legal institution will be significantly higher if a full, rather than normative, constitutional complaint is introduced, which, in turn, will also increase the responsibility of subjects of law-making, law enforcement, human rights protection and the authority of the Constitution of Ukraine. In other words, a full constitutional complaint provides much greater opportunities for individual access to constitutional justice: a person can appeal against any act of state power that directly violates their fundamental rights. The argument in favor of expanding the subject of constitutional verification of acts in the direction of a full constitutional complaint is the fact that the Constitutional Court restricts law enforcement: it does not have the right to assess the actions (omissions) of subjects of power, cannot review Court decisions and evaluate such decisions for their constitutionality, and so on. It is this approach that will significantly improve the way to ensure the effectiveness of a constitutional complaint. Attention is drawn to the fact that the current legislation sets high requirements for the content and form of a constitutional complaint, which, in particular, explains the significant percentage of complaints returned by the court. This indicates the need for applicants to obtain a qualified right to file a corresponding complaint with the court, that is, to appeal to specialists, which, in turn, reduces the possibility of certain persons to appeal.
- ДокументПРОБЛЕМИ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ: ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА УКРАЇНСЬКІ РЕАЛІЇ(Вінниця: ДонНУ імені Василя Стуса, 2022) Щебетун, Ірина Степанівна; Волошина, Катерина ЮріївнаУ статті досліджуються актуальні питання конституційної модернізації місцевого самоврядування з урахуванням євроінтеграції та децентралізації публічної влади. Висвітлюються недоліки і прогалини конституційного регулювання питань організації місцевого самоврядування та пропонуються шляхи їх вирішення. Аналізуються окремі моделі місцевого самоврядування в зарубіжних країнах. Надані рекомендації щодо подальшого вдосконалення конституційної моделі і засад місцевого самоврядування в Україні.
- ДокументРЕФОРМА ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ ВЛАДИ В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ(Вінниця: ДонНУ імені Василя Стуса, 2022) Щебетун, Ірина Степанівна; Гусар, Валерія ВасилівнаThe article examines the laws and legal norms which regulate the organization of local self-government activities, in particular Chapter XI of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Local Self-Government in Ukraine" dated May 21, 1997, which is determined by the main act of legal regulation of the most important issues of local self-government in the state, Law of Ukraine "On service in local self-government institutions", Law of Ukraine "On the status of deputies of local councils", Law of Ukraine "On voluntary association of territorial communities", Law of Ukraine "On cooperation of territorial communities" and Law of Ukraine "On principles of state regional policy". It was determined that, in addition to national legislation regulating important issues of local self-government, an important place is given to the documents of international importance. In particular, the European Charter of Local Self-Government of October 15, 1985, which occupies an important place among these normative legal acts, and is based on the principle of subsidiarity, which provides for the resolution of specific tasks by local authorities. The various approaches of scientists to the definition of the concept of "decentralization" were analyzed and their opinion was presented, according to which decentralization should be considered as a process during which independent units, carriers of local self-government, communities, are formed within the framework of a centralized state. The relationship between the constitutional and legal foundations of local self-government and the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government is outlined. The Concept of reforming local self-government and territorial organization of power in Ukraine, which was approved in 2014 and actually became the document that initiated the process of reforming local self-government in Ukraine, was considered. The concept envisages solving the main issues related to institutional transformations at the district and oblast level, in particular, the creation of executive bodies of regional and district councils, reorganization of local state administrations, definition of clear boundaries of administrative-territorial units, etc. The process of unification of territorial communities is characterized, which is regulated by the relevant Law of Ukraine "On the Voluntary Unification of Territorial Communities", which provides for the procedure for unification of territorial communities, specifying the main conditions under which such an association can be created. The Law of Ukraine "On Cooperation of Territorial Communities" was analyzed, in which a clear definition of the category "cooperation of territorial communities" was given. The practice of foreign countries on the issue of the existence of municipal authorities has been studied, and a tendency towards consolidation of territorial communities in many European states has been revealed. Finally, the positive aspects of the reform of local self-government in Ukraine are identified and certain problems are identified, the elimination of which will be an impetus for the further development and improvement of local self-government in the state.
- ДокументСУЧАСНИЙ МУНІЦИПАЛЬНИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ: НОРМАТИВНІ ЗАСАДИ ТА ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ М. ВІННИЦЯ)(Одеса: Науковий вісник Міжнародного гуманітарного університету, 2022) Щебетун, Ірина Степанівна; Міхайліна, Тетяна Вікторівнаand would be aimed at meeting the needs of people, improving their standard of living and ensuring sustainable local and regional development. A significant place in the reform of self-government is occupied by the introduction and development of new management tools, effective human resource management, and corporate culture in local self-government. A new type of management, focused on advanced approaches and technologies, socially significant result and partnership style of relations between local authorities, business, society, is considered to be municipal management, which is considered not only as a means of municipal management, but also the corresponding direction of scientific research, which should result in both the formation of appropriate theoretical foundations, and the development of practical proposals for effective management and ensuring the economic and social development of territories, definition and establishment of a system of tools for implementing local government tasks. An example of effective application of one of the tools of municipal management is the organization of the work of Administrative Service Centers "Transparent Office" of the Vinnytsia City Council, the infrastructure of which allows you to quickly and efficiently provide customer service for obtaining relevant services. The network of Vinnytsia Administrative Service Centers is one of the most powerful in Ukraine and annually serves about a million customers, providing 582 types of administrative and other services in various spheres of public life, which is the largest indicator in Ukraine.